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Windows/Mac OS X: Free remote desktop application CrossLoop—which we've mentioned once or twice before—has just released a Mac version, which means simple, cross-platform remote su...UpToDate is an online clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on various specialties and topics. Click on one of the specialties to see …In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated the disease COVID-19, which stands for coronavirus disease 2019 [ 1 ]. The WHO declared an end to the COVID-19 global health emergency in May 2023, more than three years after its emergence. This topic will discuss the virology, epidemiology, and prevention of COVID-19.Dissolved CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 CO 3 ↔ HCO 3- + H +. The ratio between these reactants can be expressed by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. By convention, the pKa of 6.10 is used when the denominator is the concentration of dissolved CO 2, and this is proportional to the pCO 2 (the actual concentration of the acid H 2 CO 3 is very …Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired thrombocytopenia characterized by immune-mediated destruction of platelets and/or impairment of platelet production; terminology is summarized in the table ( table 1 ). ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion; there are no reliable laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly treated cardiac arrhythmia. AF is generally associated with an irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm and absence of distinct P waves. This topic will provide a broad overview of the classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and sequelae of AF, including new-onset AF.In some cases, heart failure can be mild and cause minor symptoms that are only evident with physical activity. Other times it can be severe (causing symptoms at rest) or even life-threatening. The most common symptoms of heart failure are shortness of breath, fatigue, leg swelling, and other signs of fluid retention.UpToDate: Trusted, evidence-based solutions for modern healthcare. Dedicated to continuously innovating to meet the needs of the rapidly changing medical landscape, the UpToDate® suite offers clinical, drug, patient and member content to support health professionals wherever care takes place. Subscribe To UpToDate.

The subacute and long-term assessment and management of patients who have suffered a stroke includes physical therapy and testing to determine the precise etiology of the event so as to prevent recurrence. The acute management differs. Immediate goals include minimizing brain injury, treating medical complications, and moving toward …

Learn how to address excessive tardiness and find some of the simplest solutions to tardiness in the workplace. Human Resources | How To WRITTEN BY: Charlette Beasley Published Nov...Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medications used to relieve pain and to reduce inflammation. They are some of the most commonly used medications in adults. A variety of NSAIDs are available, including at least 20 in the United States and more elsewhere. Many are available as pills that can be purchased without a …May 4, 2023 · The pharmacology, efficacy, contraindications, and side effects of metformin for the treatment of diabetes will be reviewed here. A general discussion of initial treatment of type 2 diabetes and the role of metformin in the prevention of diabetes, in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, and in gestational diabetes are reviewed separately. The prevention and treatment of iron deficiency is a major public health goal, especially in females, children, and individuals in low-income countries. Challenges in the treatment of iron deficiency include finding and addressing the underlying cause and the selection of an iron replacement product that meets the needs of the patient. This ...

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Other manifestations include lower abdominal pain and cramping, low-grade fever, nausea, and anorexia [ 2,5 ]. Diarrhea may be associated with mucus or occult blood, but melena or hematochezia are rare. Fever is associated with CDI in about 15 percent of cases; temperature >38.5°C may occur in the setting of nonsevere or severe CDI.

Potassium enters the body via oral intake or intravenous infusion, is largely stored in the cells, and is then excreted in the urine. The major causes of hyperkalemia are increased potassium release from the cells and, most often, reduced urinary potassium excretion ( table 1 ). This topic will review the causes and evaluation of hyperkalemia.Hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12a supplement and cyanide antidote): Pediatric drug information. Hydroxychloroquine: Pediatric drug information. Hydroxyprogesterone caproate (United States: Withdrawn from market): Pediatric drug information. Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide): Pediatric drug information.Treatment of osteomyelitis includes consideration of issues related to debridement, management of infected foreign bodies (if present), antibiotic selection, and duration of therapy; these issues are discussed in the following sections. General issues related to treatment of osteomyelitis are discussed here.May 4, 2023 · The pharmacology, efficacy, contraindications, and side effects of metformin for the treatment of diabetes will be reviewed here. A general discussion of initial treatment of type 2 diabetes and the role of metformin in the prevention of diabetes, in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, and in gestational diabetes are reviewed separately. UpToDate contributors generally avoid use of NSAIDs, or use them with particular caution and at reduced doses, in older adults and patients (regardless of age) with existing or increased risk for cardiovascular, GI, or kidney disease. Concurrent gastroprotection (eg, a proton pump inhibitor) may be warranted.

Hypoglycemia is the most common acute complication of glucose-lowering therapy and is associated with poor outcomes and quality of life in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia is more common among patients with type 1 diabetes than those with type 2 diabetes and is usually limited to patients with type 2 diabetes treated …UpToDate® and the American Heart Association are collaborating to present select content abstracts on “What’s New in Cardiovascular Medicine.” UpToDate is an evidence-based, clinic...Although hypokalemia can be transiently induced by the entry of potassium into the cells, most cases result from unreplenished gastrointestinal or urinary losses due, for example, to vomiting, diarrhea, or diuretic therapy [ 1-3 ]. (See "Causes of hypokalemia in adults" .) Potassium replacement is primarily indicated when hypokalemia is due to ...UpToDate is a trusted source of clinical information for health professionals. However, the page you are looking for can't be found. Try searching for a different topic or language. Licensed to: UpToDate Marketing Professional Support Tag : [0602 - 207.46.13.154 - FBF59F1322 - PR14 - UPT - 20240510-02:21:15UTC] - SM - MD - LG - XL Loading Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating motor weakness involving ocular, bulbar, limb, and/or respiratory muscles. The weakness is due to an antibody-mediated, immunologic attack directed at proteins in the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction (acetylcholine receptors or ...

UpToDate is an online clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on various specialties and topics. Click on one of the specialties to see sections associated with each, such as Practice Changing UpDates, What's New, Patient Education, Calculators, and Drug Information.Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or …

UpToDate offers a number of subscriptions and add-on products, allowing you to have the most up-to-date information and improve patient care.Pneumonia can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, and, less commonly, fungi. The most common bacterial cause of pneumonia in the United States is a type of bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae (also called pneumococcus). Other bacteria can cause pneumonia as well.However, daytime use of CR tablets may exacerbate motor fluctuations and can lead to delayed-onset dyskinesia. Carbidopa-levodopa extended-release (ER) capsules show promise in reducing motor complications, but more widespread use is limited by cost and difficulties of converting from levodopa tablets to ER capsules. UpToDate, the evidence-based clinical decision support resource from Wolters Kluwer, is trusted at the point of care by clinicians worldwide. For the best experience, we recommend using the most recent versions of Microsoft Edge, Mozilla® Firefox®, and Google Chrome™. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS. Major clinical features and organ involvement. Constitutional symptoms — Constitutional symptoms such as fatigue, fever, and weight loss are present in most patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at some point during the course of the disease.Management of patients with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) depends upon symptom severity, the impact of symptoms on health and quality of life, and the safety of treatment for both mother and fetus. NVP is typically a self-limited condition and not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Treatment approaches …May 4, 2023 · The pharmacology, efficacy, contraindications, and side effects of metformin for the treatment of diabetes will be reviewed here. A general discussion of initial treatment of type 2 diabetes and the role of metformin in the prevention of diabetes, in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, and in gestational diabetes are reviewed separately.

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Mar 15, 2023 · Vaginal yeast infections (also called yeast vaginitis or vaginal candidiasis) are a common problem in women. The most common symptoms are itching and irritation of the vulva and around the opening of the vagina. Vaginal yeast infections usually occur as infrequent episodes, but can recur frequently and may cause chronic persistent symptoms.

A smart device with cutting-edge smart technology that helps you master your smoking habit and reduce cigarette consumption. A smart device with cutting-edge smart technology that ...Vaginitis is the general term for disorders of the vagina caused by infection, inflammation, or changes in the normal vaginal flora. Symptoms include abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, pruritus, and/or discomfort. The initial evaluation typically consists of a history, physical examination, and tests for specific infections, including sexually ... UpToDate is a trusted and evidence-based clinical resource tool that provides comprehensive and updated information on various medical topics. Log in to access the full content and features of UpToDate, or register for a free trial or subscription. For individuals and groups up to 19. Medical practices and other groups can place their UpToDate subscription orders together online, pay for them in a single transaction, and receive all the benefits of a personal subscription. Subscribe or view pricing for your group by selecting the “Purchase for Others” option. Subscribe Or See Pricing.Peripheral artery disease (PAD), specifically atherosclerotic disease leading to peripheral artery obstruction, may be silent or present with a variety of symptoms and signs indicative of extremity ischemia. The clinical manifestations of arterial insufficiency (regardless of etiology) are due to a lack of blood flow to the musculature relative ...Mar 28, 2024 · Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety that are difficult to control, cause significant distress and impairment, and occur on more days than not for at least six months [ 1 ]. GAD is a relatively common disorder, most often with an adult onset and chronic course [ 2-6 ]. Acute treatment of migraine in adults without hemiplegic or brainstem aura. Algorithm 1. The abortive (symptomatic) therapy of migraine ranges from the use of simple analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to triptans, antiemetics, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, lasmiditan, …Dissolved CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 CO 3 ↔ HCO 3- + H +. The ratio between these reactants can be expressed by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. By convention, the pKa of 6.10 is used when the denominator is the concentration of dissolved CO 2, and this is proportional to the pCO 2 (the actual concentration of the acid H 2 CO 3 is very …Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options.

Other manifestations include lower abdominal pain and cramping, low-grade fever, nausea, and anorexia [ 2,5 ]. Diarrhea may be associated with mucus or occult blood, but melena or hematochezia are rare. Fever is associated with CDI in about 15 percent of cases; temperature >38.5°C may occur in the setting of nonsevere or severe CDI.Dec 11, 2023 · Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials. The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. As the condition progresses, most people eventually have inflammation of the joints in the arms or legs. Less commonly, some people have inflammation of the hips and in the upper part of the spine. Joint symptoms — Joint-related symptoms typically include stiffness, pain, redness, warmth to the touch, and swelling.Instagram:https://instagram. egyptair airlines UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hematology, Infectious Diseases, Nephrology and Hypertension, Neurology, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women ...UpToDate® registrants and Individual subscribers can now answer their clinical questions anytime, anywhere by downloading this app onto an Android™ phone or tablet. UpToDate is the leading clinical decision support resource with evidence-based clinical information – including drug topics and recommendations that clinicians rely on at the ... 5guys burger INTRODUCTION. The management of infective endocarditis (IE) includes prompt diagnosis, treatment with antimicrobial therapy, and in some cases of complicated IE, surgical management. Preventive measures including antimicrobial prophylaxis may reduce the risk of initial and recurrent IE for patients with relevant risk factors.Apr 5, 2024 · INTRODUCTION. —. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The clinical presentation of CAP varies, ranging from mild pneumonia characterized by fever and productive cough to severe pneumonia characterized by respiratory distress and sepsis. scratch jr. This topic will focus on the treatment of hypernatremia induced by water loss, which is the most common cause. The treatment of hypernatremia in patients with impaired thirst, with or without arginine vasopressin disorders, and with primary sodium overload will also be reviewed. The causes and evaluation of patients with hypernatremia and the ...Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options. las vegas atlanta flights Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the care of patients using the best available research evidence to guide clinical decision-making ( figure 1) [ 1,2 ]. The value of EBM is heightened in light of the following considerations: The volume of evidence available to guide clinical decisions continues to grow at a rapid pace ( figure 2) hablar ingles Jun 10, 2022 · INTRODUCTION. —. Tetanus is a nervous system disorder characterized by muscle spasms that is caused by the toxin-producing anaerobe Clostridium tetani, which is found in the soil. The clinical features of tetanus and its relationship to traumatic injuries were well known among the ancient Greeks and Egyptians and to many clinicians before the ... CAUSES OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY. The main reasons for low levels of vitamin D are: Lack of vitamin D in the diet, often in conjunction with inadequate sun exposure. Reduced absorption of vitamin D from the intestines. Reduced processing of vitamin D due to kidney or liver disease. pronouncing words Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the care of patients using the best available research evidence to guide clinical decision-making ( figure 1) [ 1,2 ]. The value of EBM is heightened in light of the following considerations: The volume of evidence available to guide clinical decisions continues to grow at a rapid pace ( figure 2)Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is notable for its high prevalence, variety of clinical presentations, under-recognized morbidity, and substantial economic consequences. This topic will review the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of GERD. The pathophysiology and management of GERD are discussed in detail separately. add text to pic NORTHERN TRUST EAFE INDEX FUND - NON-LENDING- Performance charts including intraday, historical charts and prices and keydata. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksDiagnosis — The clinical diagnosis of cystitis is made in a patient who has classic signs and symptoms (ie, dysuria, urinary frequency, urgency, and/or suprapubic pain). For females who have atypical urinary symptoms, the diagnosis is supported by the presence of pyuria and bacteriuria on urinalysis and/or culture. season 1 fresh prince The Insider Trading Activity of Kornitzer Benjamin on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies Stocks hbomax app UpToDate is an online resource that helps you make informed decisions about medical care. Access the latest evidence, expert opinions, and patient education with your subscription.Serotonin syndrome, also referred to as serotonin toxicity, is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system. It is seen with therapeutic medication use, inadvertent interactions between drugs, and intentional self-poisoning [ 1 ]. daily dad joke The signs and symptoms of anemia include paleness, weakness, and fatigue. Impaired kidney function — The excess proteins and high blood calcium levels associated with MM can damage the kidneys. Kidney function is abnormal at diagnosis in about half of individuals with multiple myeloma. crasy game About UpToDate UpToDate is the evidence-based, point-of-care resource trusted for reliable clinical answers around the world. UpToDate incorporates the latest medical findings, the best available evidence, and practical recommendations for patient care — so whatever your clinical question, you can be sure to find the answers you need.Here we discuss our approach to the adult with unexpected thrombocytopenia. This approach can be used by the primary care physician and the consulting hematologist. Separate topics discuss thrombocytopenia in other populations: Neonates – (See "Neonatal thrombocytopenia: Clinical manifestations, evaluation, and …